Journal: Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin

Article Title: Glionitrin A, a new diketopiperazine disulfide, activates ATM-ATR-Chk1/2 via 53BP1 phosphorylation in DU145 cells and shows antitumor effect in xenograft model.

doi: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00719

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Glionitrin A Elevates H2A.X Phosphorylation by Responding to DNA Damage Resulting from the Activation of ATM/ATR-Chk1/2 in a 53BP1-Dependent Manner

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies against phospho-H2A.X (Ser139), phospho-53BP1 (S11778), 53BP1, phospho-ATM (Ser1981), phospho-ATR (Ser428), ATR, phospho-Chk1 (Ser317), phospho-Chk1 (Ser345), Chk1, phospho-Chk2 (Thr68), phosphoChk2 (Thr387), Chk2, cdc25A, phosphor-cdc2 (Tyr15), cdc2, cleaved caspase-8, Bid, Bax, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), apoptosisinducing factor (AIF), endonuclease G (EndoG), histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX IV) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, U.S.A.).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Activation Assay

Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: Cedrus atlantica Extract Suppress Glioblastoma Growth through Promotion of Genotoxicity and Apoptosis: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

doi: 10.7150/ijms.54468

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primary antibodies information.

Article Snippet: p-Chk2 , Biorbyt Ltd. , Orb5862 , Rabbit , WB: 1/1000.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology

Article Title: Hepatitis B virus X stimulates redox signaling through activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phosphorylation of ATM is oxidant-dependent. (A and B) Cells were treated with H2O2 (100 μM) for 30 min or with antioxidant NAC (5 mM) for 2 h. Levels of phospho-ATM (p-ATM) and phospho-Chk2 (p-Chk2) were determined by western blotting. Columns represent relative band intensities normalized against β-actin expressed as fold changes relative to control plasmid-transfected cells (a*, p<0.05 vs. mock plasmid transfected cells; b*, p<0.05 vs. pHBX-transfected cells). (C) Immunohistochemical staining of p-ATM and p-Chk2 in livers. Arrows indicate p-ATM- or p-Chk2-positive non-parenchymal cells (magnification x 40). Columns show labeling indices in hepatocytes. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments (a*, p<0.05 vs. wild mice; b*, p<0.05 vs. HBX transgenic mice).

Article Snippet: Tissue sections were reacted with antibodies against phospho-ATM (Ser1981) (Abgent, San Diego, CA, USA; 1:100) or phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (Abnova, Taipei, Taiwan) overnight at 4°C using a Vector Elite ABC kit (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Plasmid Preparation, Transfection, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Labeling, Transgenic Assay

Journal: Biochemistry Research International

Article Title: Transcriptional Activation of p53 during Cold Induced Torpor in the 13-Lined Ground Squirrel Ictidomys tridecemlineatus

doi: 10.1155/2015/731595

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of p53 upstream regulators in the ground squirrel skeletal muscle over six stages of the hibernation cycle. Relative protein expressions and Western blots are shown for (a) MDM2 protein, and (b) phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 1 (S296) and checkpoint kinase 2 (T68). Data show means ± SEM, N = 4-5 independent trials on tissues from different animals. ∗ denotes significant statistical difference from EC values, p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Antibodies used for this study were as follows: p53 (#2527, Cell Signaling), phospho-p53 (Ser15; #9284, Cell Signaling), acetyl-p53 (Lys382; #2525, Cell Signaling), phospho-p53 (Ser392; #9281, Cell Signaling), phospho-p53 (Ser46; #2521, Cell Signaling), phospho-Chk1 (Ser296, #A00727-40, Genscript), phospho-Chk2 (Thr68, GTX61178, Gentex), MDM2 (#SC-813, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and GAPDH (#2118, Cell Signaling).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot